After the European expeditions and explorations, oceanography developed in Chile since the early 20th century, responding to the needs along this large eastern boundary current country. Knowledge of the coastline, shelf, the open ocean, fjords and channels, oceanic islands and the Subantarctic Ocean has been accomplished by academic and iconic public institutions in relation to marine biology, oceanography, fisheries and aquaculture. In our book, we share academic experiences and scientific questions. Today women work in remote areas, participate in national and international cruises, publish at international level and create leadership. Studies range from taxonomy to proteomics, oceanography, climate variability, biogeochemistry, ecology, fisheries and a permanent monitoring program in harmful algal blooms. Fisheries generating political, social, and economic conflicts prioritize young researchers to foster new scientific knowledge, multiple discipline interactions, comanagement for a growing need to coexist with the ocean as part of the solution for humanity and climate change.